Making the most of feedback

Information about different types of essay and project feedback, and techniques for using this effectively.

Two people sitting at a table looking at some work together

On

What feedback is

One of the best ways to learn is by hearing others' reflections and thoughts on our own understandings.

Feedback is simply any kind of response to the work you do, so you get feedback all the time in many different forms, such as:

An academic reacts to a question you raise in class.
Another student disagrees with you about the best book on a specific topic.
You discuss your views on a topic with others in a seminar class.
Someone praises you for getting to the lab much earlier than them.
A lecturer explains a theorem that lots of students misapplied in an exam.
The comment sheet on your essay asks for development of a specific argument.

Types of feedback

At university, you will get feedback in formal and informal ways. Some of it will be given alongside assessments and grades, and some of it will relate to unassessed work.

You may hear these types of feedback referred to as formative and summative.

Formative feedback

This is feedback provided formally by a tutor or a peer on a draft or interim piece of work.

Use it to

refine and develop your approach to an assignment
reinforce what you are doing well and build on it
identify key areas that need further attention before completing a summative assignment

Summative feedback

This is feedback provided alongside a grade, typically at the end of a module or section of your course.

Use it to

understand why you got a particular grade on that assignment
inform your work on a subsequent module or assignment
identify strengths and skills gaps to work on as part of your academic progress

For more information on feedback and how to make the most of it, visit the University Feedback portal.

Putting feedback into practice

You'll notice that many instances of feedback occur frequently in your day-to-day studies, and it's important to recognise that formal feedback on assessment is just one particularly important and focused instance of this more general learning process.

Formalised feedback is a communication you can potentially learn from, just like all the others. However, it is like any genuine communication: it requires a response.

You wouldn’t expect to learn from a lecture if you didn't think about its contents. So, you will only make the most of feedback by working to turn it into ideas for future action.

Have a look at the feedback action plan (PDF, 510KB) to have a go at working out how to transform your feedback into action.

You can reflect on

what your feedback tells you about what you have learnt
whether you've learnt the right things in the right way
how you could have gone about this learning better

Sometimes, you might want to seek additional clarification to follow up on your feedback. You can do this in a number of ways:

Ask your tutor for a meeting to discuss your feedback.
Discuss your feedback with your peers – did they receive similar comments? What can you learn from their feedback?
Have a look at the 301 feedback glossary (PDF, 6.8MB).
Book onto a workshop at 301 or Maths and Statistics Help (MASH) to learn more about specific areas of your work.
Log your feedback.
Rate it for usefulness.
Create a portfolio of learning points.
Get access to relevant resources.
Apply the feedback to your ongoing academic work.